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	<title>admin &#8211; ISTOTOPOS Web Development Solutions Cyprus</title>
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		<title>E-commerce Trends 2023</title>
		<link>https://istotopos.eu/ecommerce-trands-2023/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 17 May 2020 10:18:55 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Latest news]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[commerce]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cyprus investments]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cyprus permanent resident]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecommerce]]></category>
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			<p>The e-commerce industry is growing at a rapid pace and it has become an integral part of our lives.</p>
<p>The eCommerce business and industry is growing faster than any other sector in the world. There are more than 2 billion internet users globally, with the number expected to increase by 30% over the next five years. With this growth, online retailers will account for more than 35% of all retail sales by 2025.</p>
<p>One of the biggest reasons that people are turning to eCommerce is because of the convenience and flexibility it offers. Whether you&#8217;re a business owner or consumer, having access to products from anywhere in the world can be a game-changer.</p>
<p>For businesses, it makes sense to have an online presence because it allows them to reach more customers who may not live close to their brick-and-mortar stores. Plus, eCommerce platforms give businesses the ability to connect with customers on a personal level, providing them with more information about what they like and dislike about their products. This can be beneficial for both sides since it helps brands better understand their customers and how they want to interact with them in the future.</p>
<p><strong>How will eCommerce shape in 2023?<br />
</strong></p>
<p>Here&#8217;s a look at some e-commerce trends that will take shape in the remaining part of 2023:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>AI Integration.</strong></li>
</ul>
<p>Artificial Intelligence or AI is one of the main factors that has played a significant role in making e-commerce easier. This technology has also helped to improve the customer experience. In addition to this, it helps businesses to increase sales by providing personalised recommendations and recommendations based on preferences.</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Personalisation.</strong></li>
</ul>
<p>Personalisation is another key trend that has gained popularity among online shoppers in recent years. With this trend, businesses provide customers with customised experiences according to their preferences. These include product recommendations, website layout, and even service delivery options like home delivery services or store pick-up options.</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>VR/AR E-Commerce.</strong></li>
</ul>
<p>Virtual reality (VR) is an immersive experience created by computer technology that simulates a user’s presence in an environment different from their physical surroundings (Wikipedia). Augmented reality (AR) overlays digital information onto the real world, which can be viewed through a smartphone or tablet screen. The two technologies have been used together to create augmented virtual reality (AVR), where digital objects are added to the user’s environment through AVR glasses or headsets (YouTube).</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Keep track of industry influencers and publications.</strong></li>
</ul>
<p>The rise of e-commerce has also been accompanied by the growth of new media outlets that cover the business. These range from blogs such as this one to podcasts and even videos. The trick is finding out what works best for you, your audience and your business goals.</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Use predictive analytics tools to monitor customer purchasing behaviour.</strong></li>
</ul>
<p>This will help you identify patterns in what customers buy so that you can tailor your product offerings accordingly. It will also give you insight into buyer behaviour so that you can improve customer service based on what people need and want.</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>More companies will offer free shipping as standard.</strong></li>
</ul>
<p>Free shipping has always been an effective way for retailers to attract customers online, but as competition heats up among online retailers, more companies are offering free shipping as a standard feature on their websites.</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Enhance Customer Experience.</strong></li>
</ul>
<p>As consumers become more demanding, brands have been forced to up their game when it comes to customer service. This means providing better experiences across all channels and ensuring that your customers can reach out whenever they need help or advice with any aspect of their shopping experience.</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Customers respond to video.</strong></li>
</ul>
<p>Video has been a growing trend in e-commerce for years, and it will only continue to grow. With the rise of live streaming and social media, customers now expect brands to be more personal and provide more content. E-commerce sites are starting to follow suit by offering their own live streams or weekly videos that showcase product lines or coupon codes.</p>
<p>As with any trend, there are risks associated with this one. The biggest risk is that customers may feel as though they&#8217;re being &#8220;sold&#8221; to rather than being offered a genuine conversation with the brand. To avoid this issue, brands need to focus on providing real value for their customers by offering helpful information about products or services instead of simply using video as a sales tool.</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Sustainability is becoming more important.</strong></li>
</ul>
<p>As the world becomes more aware of the impact we are having on our environment, sustainable practices will become increasingly important for major e-commerce brands. Consumers want to know that their favourite brands are doing what they can to reduce their carbon footprint and support sustainable business practices. This trend will also influence how e-commerce companies source their products and materials.</p>
<p><strong>ISTOTOPOS is here to help you keep up with eCommerce 2023 trends</strong></p>
<p>ISTOTOPOS is a leading digital marketing and eCommerce web design company in Cyprus. We help businesses grow by leveraging the power of technology. We are a team of highly-skilled industry experts, who love to create innovative solutions.</p>
<p>Here are some of the ways we can help you keep up with eCommerce 2023 trends:</p>
<ol>
<li>We will help you understand what makes your customers tick and how to reach them.</li>
<li>We will provide you with a personalised plan that is customised to your business needs and goals.</li>
<li>We will focus on building a strong online presence using our expertise in SEO, PPC and other Digital Marketing Services</li>
<li>Our team would work closely with your team so that they can leverage our experience and expertise.</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>Conclusion<br />
</strong></p>
<p>The eCommerce market is only growing larger every year, and there are countless trends that will be key in the coming years. Fashion eCommerce products sites will become even more common due to their versatility of these sites. Content will continue to dominate this space, facilitated by augmented reality and virtual reality. Social commerce will also continue to expand as more users adopt sharing platforms. If you&#8217;re looking for an industry that&#8217;s continually evolving, eCommerce is a smart choice for business owners.</p>

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			<p><em>Source: https://www.digiwhiz.com.au/blogs/e-commerce-trends</em></p>

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		<title>Why Cyprus Is Attractive For High New Worth Investor Immigrants</title>
		<link>https://istotopos.eu/cyprus-attractive-high-new-worth-investor-immigrants/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 17 May 2020 10:18:55 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Latest news]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[commerce]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cyprus investments]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cyprus permanent resident]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecommerce]]></category>
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<p><strong>The Lay of the Land</strong></p>
<p>In the world of so-called global citizens, one of the key considerations is to have a second passport. The saying goes that you had no choice about where you were born, but you can certainly choose where you are going to live. This is particularly so when it comes to high net worth individuals. That category breaks down into: billionaires, centa-millionaires ($ 100 M+), ultra high net worth individuals (30M+) and high net worth individuals (1M+). The Covid-19 pandemic is putting a squeeze on the lower category, which consists of about 18 million individuals. But the real action is to be found in the higher categories, consisting of over 200,000 individuals that may be interested in a second passport.</p>
<p>For such individuals, one of the premier destinations is Cyprus. Among the key reasons are: a great climate, beautiful countryside with ocean views, a stable government, a good economy and proximity to major markets. Cyprus boasts a well handled response to the Covid-19 pandemic in that it had few infections, was in good economic shape going into the crisis and will emerge relatively unscathed. Economically, the country is run based on English common law, is business friendly, is open to foreign investment and has a low tax regime. Post pandemic items related to quality of life in terms of health care and education score high marks in Cyprus.
</p></div>

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<p><strong>Benefits of Cyprus </strong></p>
<p>In terms of benefits, the Cypriot second passport program is the only fast track citizenship by investment program in Europe. The investor and family members are able to travel, work and live anywhere in Europe without even residing in Cyprus to obtain or maintain citizenship. Dual citizenship is allowed, and applicants can get the passport within about six months. The passport is open to applicants from all nationalities and provides visa-free travel to 171 countries, including the Schengen countries, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, Singapore and Hong Kong but not the United States.
</p></div>

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			<p><strong>Investment Requirements</strong></p>
<p>To obtain citizenship in Cyprus the would-be immigrant must invest at least €2,150,000. The most popular route is to invest €2 million in residential real estate for five years and pay €150,000 which is used by the government for low cost housing and research. One other requirement is that the investor must maintain at least €500,000 in real estate in Cyprus for the rest of his life, so that at the end of five years, only €1,500,000 can be rebated. If the investor is interested in investing more money, another part of the program enables investment in Cypriot companies or various projects, but this would require an additional investment of €500,000. The country budgets for 700 investor immigrant applications per year, but those who may file late will simply be processed in the following year, so it should not be a source of concern.</p>

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			<p><strong>Attractive Aspects</strong></p>
<p>Some of the more attractive aspects of the program are that a Cypriot Permanent Resident card is issued shortly after an application is filed while the investor is waiting for the second passport, the main applicant, spouse and dependent children below the age of 28 are eligible to obtain citizenship, and even elderly parents above 65 can also apply for citizenship as dependents. Also, English is broadly used in Cyprus.</p>
<p><strong>Taxation Concerns Needless</strong></p>
<p>One of the concerns that will be on the mind of some investor immigrants in the post-pandemic world is whether the target country may have accumulated a lot of debt because of expansionary fiscal policies employed during the crisis, and how this could play out in post-pandemic increases in taxes to pay off the indebtedness. This question was recently posed to Harris Georgiades, the former Minister of Finance of Cyprus. He responded by saying Cyprus was fortunate in terms of its pre-pandemic economic policy which left the country economically strong going into the crisis. That meant that the country did not have to engage in much economic self-defence through deficit spending and therefore there will be no tax increases or predatory tax measures introduced in the years ahead.</p>
<p><strong>Past Problems Largely Resolved</strong></p>
<p>More generally, while Cyprus is indeed very peaceful and stable today, it is a country that is made up of Turkish and Greek descendants and to this day is still a chess piece in a dispute over sovereignty of the northern part of the island that Turkey claims. Still, it is not expected that this will have any serious impact on life on the island any time soon. During the 2012-2013 Cypriot Financial Crisis, Cyprus re-capitalised the Bank of Cyprus and Cyprus Popular Bank (Laiki Bank) through a bail-in of depositors by converting bonds and deposits in excess of €100,000 into shares in the two banks. Investors incurred losses as a result. However, the lessons were learned by the Cyprus government and Mr.  Georgiades indicated they will not be repeated.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
<p>All things considered, for those who can afford the investment required, Cyprus appears to be an excellent choice.</p>

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			<p><em>Source: https://www.forbes.com/sites/andyjsemotiuk/2020/05/28/why-cyprus-is-attractive-for-high-new-worth-investor-immigrants/?fbclid=IwAR1Ht-VIfqJoGd99HybT1MOg5XiBy2nxsaP0UMph5Lq1wR0M3ix-ZNNG1Pg#19eb21763c44</em></p>

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		<title>10 Online Business Laws You Need to Know for Internet Selling</title>
		<link>https://istotopos.eu/online-business-laws-internet-selling/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 17 May 2020 10:18:55 +0000</pubDate>
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			<p>After you’ve evaluated your online store idea and have a plan for product sourcing, it’s highly recommended that you research any restrictions and regulations that may affect you when opening an ecommerce store.</p>
<div class="post-detail__quote">
<p>Understanding these issues before you try to start selling online will help you plan wisely and save you time, energy, and money.</p>
<div class="post-detail__quote-author">Many of these issues are just part of the cost of selling products on the internet, but some may come as a surprise.</div>
<p>Knowing about them ahead of time is the key to working through them.</p>
<h3>1. Taxes.</h3>
<p>First, know that every state and country has different expectations and standards when it comes to taxes.</p>
<p>That means you have to conduct some research and understand your target market.</p>
<div class="post-detail__quote">
<p>For instance, if your store’s demographic is located in the U.S., you’ll likely want to display your prices exclusive of tax. However, if your target market is Australia, where shoppers are accustomed to seeing all-inclusive prices, you’ll want to include tax.</p>
</div>
<p>Other issues are related to what you are selling and where you are selling it from.</p>
<p>For instance:</p>
<ul>
<li>If you are located in New York and want to sell clothing, know that clothing is taxed in your state.</li>
<li>In Britain, value-added tax (VAT) applies to all non-essential goods.</li>
<li>In California, items you sell in plastic bottles will carry a $0.11 recycling fee, on top of additional taxes.</li>
</ul>
<p>To cover all your bases, talk to a tax professional or local tax authorities readily available to you.</p>
<p>These experts will be able to help you understand specific circumstances that may affect your product or business, give you insights on how you need to charge tax for your business’s location, and help you apply for necessities like a tax ID, as well as let you know if you qualify for sales tax exemption and resale certificates.</p>
<p>Keep in mind, too, that this information — and the regulations around it — are constantly changing.</p>
<p>This is just one of the many reasons why having a tax professional on hand or working with your local tax authority will be an important aspect of running a healthy business. Or, you can use an app to automate a majority of the process.</p>
<h3>2. Payment gateways.</h3>
<p>There are many payment gateways available for ecommerce businesses.</p>
<p>Don’t feel limited by the fact that many of them have restrictions on specific products or services you may want to sell.</p>
<p>When you’re vetting payment gateways, just be sure to ask if they have any limitations around certain products, as well as whether they are:</p>
<ul>
<li>Hosted or non-hosted,</li>
<li>Include anti-fraud features, or</li>
<li>Require transaction fees, termination fees, monthly fees, or setup fees.</li>
</ul>
<p>BigCommerce connects with multiple payment gateways, so you have the freedom to choose the ones that are right for your business. Learn more about the most commonly used options:</p>
<ul>
<li>PayPal powered by Braintree</li>
<li>Square</li>
<li>Stripe</li>
<li>2Checkout</li>
<li>First Data</li>
<li>QuickBooks Online</li>
<li>SecureNet</li>
</ul>
<h3>3. Trademarks, patents, and copyrights.</h3>
<p>There tends to be some common misconceptions about what these words actually mean, with must-know laws and regulations around each one.</p>
<p>You’ll want to be sure to have a clear understanding of each to prevent any unwanted legal complications.</p>
<p>The United States Patent and Trademark Office defines them as the following:</p>
<ul>
<li><b>Trademark:</b> A word, phrase, symbol, and/or design that identifies and distinguishes the source of the goods of one party from those of others.</li>
<li><b>Patent:</b> A limited duration property right relating to an invention, granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office in exchange for public disclosure of the invention.</li>
<li><b>Copyright:</b> Protects works of authorship, such as writings, music, and works of art that have been tangibly expressed.</li>
</ul>
<p>Depending on what product you plan to sell, you may or may not want to apply for one of these.</p>
<p>Doing so isn’t strictly necessary, but you should at least check to make sure you’re not infringing on other patents or trademarks with your products or business.</p>
<p>For instance, if you want to sell t-shirts with Star Wars characters on them, you’re going to run into trouble.</p>
<p>Simply make sure to research with the appropriate copyright, patent, and trademark organization. They’ll help you start off on the right foot.</p>
<h3>4. Shipping restrictions.</h3>
<p>Earlier we talked about how your product will impact shipping costs and options, but at this stage in your small business, it’s time to address shipping restrictions.</p>
<p>Spoiler alert: Not all shippers restrict the same items, so you should have options — just do a little research to see if there’s a provider that will take on your product.</p>
<p>Most shipping companies clearly note their restricted items. Typically, restrictions are placed on items like:</p>
<ul>
<li>Aerosols</li>
<li>Air bags</li>
<li>Alcoholic beverages</li>
<li>Ammunition</li>
<li>Animals</li>
<li>Cigarettes</li>
<li>Dry ice</li>
<li>Explosives</li>
<li>Fresh fruits and vegetables</li>
<li>Hazardous materials</li>
<li>Nail polish</li>
<li>Perfumes</li>
<li>Perishables</li>
<li>Poison</li>
</ul>
<p>Also note that some providers may allow you to ship usually restricted items but will require some extra paperwork and fees. You’ll want to take this into consideration as you evaluate providers.</p>
<p>For information on shipping internationally, check out the Federal Trade Commission’s Electronic Commerce: Selling Internationally guide, which will help answer questions about taxes, duties, and customs laws.</p>
<h3>5. Inventory.</h3>
<p>Maybe you’re thinking of storing the clothing for your online boutique in a spare closet or packing your handmade jewelry in too many storage boxes to count?</p>
<p>While your determination is alive and well, believe it or not, your business may be too large to legally run out of your home.</p>
<p>If you’ll be holding substantial inventory, you should also check your lease, deed, or zoning codes to see if there are any prohibitions on running a business like the one you’re contemplating out of your home.</p>
<p>You may be surprised to learn that you could benefit from having a brick-and-mortar location or warehouse in the early stages of your business.</p>
<p>If you’re hesitant to open an offline location for your customers to shop and are unable to run your business out of your home, don’t fret — you have more options.</p>
<p>In fact, it may be time to reevaluate your product sourcing plan. Try leveraging a partnership with a shipping and fulfillment company that specializes in dropshipping or 3PLs.</p>
<p>Bonus? By using a dropshipping or 3PL service, you reduce shipping zones, or the distance packages travel, which will typically reduce the cost of shipping and time in transit. A win-win for both your business and your customers.</p>
<p>Having a clear and organized inventory management strategy in advance will help you create a scalable business plan for the future.</p>
<h3>6. Age restrictions.</h3>
<p>Anytime you launch a website, it’s absolutely required that it comply with the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) — no exceptions.</p>
<p>This act includes quite a few regulations, but the one that will likely apply to your site is the inability to collect any personal information from a child under the age of 13.</p>
<p>If you’re planning on selling a product or service tailored specifically to a young audience, you’ll need to abide by COPPA regulations.</p>
<p>As far as age verification requirements for ecommerce stores selling age-restricted items, you should look into your country’s specific codes.</p>
<p>For instance, sites selling items like vapes or alcohol need to have age verification tools before checkout in order to be legally sold.</p>
<p>Every country is different as far as their demands on how to run a business, and things get especially tricky when it comes to age restrictions on products.</p>
<p>Do your research and stay on top of legislation to ensure your business is on the up-and-up.</p>
<h3>7. Business insurance.</h3>
<p>There are multiple types of insurance for small businesses, including general liability, product liability, professional liability, commercial liability, and home-based insurance.</p>
<div class="post-detail__quote">
<p>Reach out to your local insurance provider to find out which type would be best for your business and location.</p>
<div class="post-detail__quote-author"></div>
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<p>During your vetting process, it’s a good idea to at least take a look at product liability insurance. It’s intended for companies that manufacture, wholesale, distribute, and retail a product and may be liable for its safety.</p>
<p>This is especially important if you plan on selling products that are considered high-risk, like CBD.</p>
<p>Also look into professional liability insurance (also known as errors and omissions insurance), which protects your business against malpractice, error, and negligence.</p>
<h3>8. Licenses and permits.</h3>
<p>Depending on which product you decide to offer, you may need a license to sell it.</p>
<p>This varies based on the country in which you’re located, so contact your local licensing department.</p>
<p>Legal Zoom is a great resource that can not only help with licensing, but with other red-tape items in this section.</p>
<p>“If you’re selling special products to a regulated industry (e.g., medical devices or holistic health care supplements), you’ll need to check with your state to see if you need to be licensed to provide those kinds of products or service,” wrote Nina Kauman for Entrepreneur.</p>
<p>“But, generally, the sale of digital information, clothing, or handcrafted items (made in the USA) doesn’t require a special business license. Rather, the business licensing required for an online retail business is not substantially different than that of a storefront business.”</p>
<h3>9. PCI compliance.</h3>
<p>PCI compliance is a necessary protection for online sellers, and nearly all SaaS ecommerce platforms have it baked in to some degree.</p>
<p>Online businesses tend to be prime targets for data theft, which is why ecommerce providers take it so seriously — and why you should too.</p>
<p>Educating your business on PCI compliance is the first step to making sure you’re protected.</p>
<p>Being PCI compliant doesn’t just mean providing a secure, encrypted checkout experience — you’ll also need to avoid storing any purchasing information on paper or via recording (e.g., if someone were to give you their card number over the phone).</p>
<div class="post-detail__recommended">
<p class="h3">BIGCOMMERCE HAS YOU COVERED</p>
<p>BigCommerce takes care of the vast majority of your PCI compliance needs. Our Cardholder Data Environment is PCI DSS 3.1 Level 1 certified as both a Merchant and a Service Provider. This protects against credit card data breaches and eliminates the significant cost and hassle of compliance.</p>
</div>
<h3>10. What you didn’t know you needed to know.</h3>
<p>There are also individual platform requirements that you may need to be aware of before starting your business.</p>
<p>For instance, when you download Facebook Messenger (which you can now use to transfer payments!), you are agreeing to have Facebook listen to you and serve ads based on what you say.</p>
<p>No, you were not imagining ads popping up after having a conversation with your spouse in the kitchen earlier that night. But, it’s 2020 and this is our new reality.</p>
<p>Being transparent with your business and your customers will eliminate the chance of any upsetting legal conflicts or lost business.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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			<p><em>Source: https://www.bigcommerce.com/blog/online-business-laws/</em></p>

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		<title>COVID-19 Is A Before-And-After Moment In The Digital Transformation</title>
		<link>https://istotopos.eu/covid-19-digital-transformation/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 06 Apr 2020 10:18:55 +0000</pubDate>
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			<div class="vc_single_image-wrapper   vc_box_border_grey"><img width="994" height="738" src="https://istotopos.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID-19.png" class="vc_single_image-img attachment-full" alt="COVID 19" loading="lazy" title="COVID 19" srcset="https://istotopos.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID-19.png 994w, https://istotopos.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID-19-300x223.png 300w, https://istotopos.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID-19-768x570.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 994px) 100vw, 994px" /></div>
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			<p>Those of us who ran businesses during 9/11 or the 2008 economic downturn have had almost a decade to forget the traumatic effect a sudden, global recession can have on a company. In a rapidly evolving situation like we’re facing with COVID-19, it’s almost impossible to balance what’s best for your company, protect your employees, and still deliver a great experience to customers amidst the chaos. For the last two weeks, we’ve been facing unprecedented stay-home orders that have tragically decimated some industries and tested the resolve of others.</p>
<p>This is certainly a before-and-after moment in the history of the economy and the digital transformation. Even when the COVID-19 outbreak is contained, it’s unlikely things will return to normal. Instead, we’re seeing the forced acceleration of previously slow-moving trends that are likely to shape the future for the long haul.</p>
<p><strong>Telecommuting</strong></p>
<p>The mass adoption of telecommuting is the most explosive change to occur as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak. While remote work is more normal now than it was a decade ago, a recent <a class="color-link" title="https://www.wrike.com/blog/are-employees-ready-to-go-remote/" href="https://www.wrike.com/blog/are-employees-ready-to-go-remote/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-ga-track="ExternalLink:https://www.wrike.com/blog/are-employees-ready-to-go-remote/" aria-label="survey">survey</a> found that 49% of workers <em>never</em> worked from home. Whatever objections businesses have previously had to telecommuting, COVID-19 may be the moment that brings it into the mainstream and shows leaders that with the right technology, culture, and expectations, employees can be just as productive and effective from home.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2088" src="https://istotopos.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Microsoft-Teams-vs-Zoom.png" alt="" width="720" height="401" srcset="https://istotopos.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Microsoft-Teams-vs-Zoom.png 720w, https://istotopos.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Microsoft-Teams-vs-Zoom-300x167.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" />Both in-office and from-home work has its benefits, and it will be worth it for businesses to figure out how to bring the best of the two together. Flexible, shifted, or shortened in-office days could help minimize office sizes and reduce commute hours, and online collaboration practices will accelerate work cycles to offset those shorter hours.</p>
<p><strong>On-demand food and services</strong></p>
<p>With thousands of small businesses forced to shut their doors to enforce social distancing, work from home won’t save everyone. Countless brick and mortar stores (especially cash-poor small businesses) are likely to shut their doors for good, and many of those will be restaurants.</p>
<div class="vestpocket">
<p aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet="true">The on-demand economy has always been an important part of the digital transformation. Now it’s saving some restaurants, many of which have been able to remain open for carry-out and generate revenue through delivery apps like Doordash and Uber Eats. Some of these restaurants may even choose to become permanent Ghost Kitchens after the pandemic has ended.</p>
</div>
<p>If it works for restaurants, we may see new aggressive adoption of drive-up or on-demand local delivery of essential goods as a result. Some businesses might even find this model is lower cost, helps manage inventory, and makes revenue more predictable. Still, it won’t all be upside. Communities and surrounding businesses may need to compensate for a decrease in foot traffic in certain anchor locations, and it could also mean the painful loss of jobs in the retail and service sector.</p>
<p><strong>Virtual events</strong></p>
<p>One of the biggest and most immediate victims of the COVID-19 outbreak was the events industry and the travel and hospitality industries that support it. Globally, conferences, trade shows, and even the Olympics have been canceled or postponed to mitigate the spread of the disease. Some of these events are being respawned as virtual events, which in the end may not just be a 2020 phenomenon but the new standard for experiences.</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2090" src="https://istotopos.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/ubivent-imagetab-plattform-showfloor.jpg" alt="" width="400" height="179" srcset="https://istotopos.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/ubivent-imagetab-plattform-showfloor.jpg 400w, https://istotopos.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/ubivent-imagetab-plattform-showfloor-300x134.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" />Whether this format sticks is unknown. The measure of success for trade shows is in the value of the sales they generate and peer to peer connections they build, so it remains to be seen whether virtual events can drive business with the same success as physical ones. But if they can, their appeal may be lasting. With lower costs for attendees and promoters and more flexibility in content formats, I wouldn’t be surprised to see some events remain virtual in the future.</p>
<p><strong>The cloud helps businesses handle the challenge</strong></p>
<p>All of these disruptions have one thing in common: many businesses are able to rapidly pivot their plans because of cloud technology that enables instant communications from anywhere. The digital transformation has already saved millions of jobs, helped slow the spread of the virus, and allowed businesses to maintain a level of normalcy amidst a chaotic situation.</p>
<p>We’ll keep our fingers crossed that we can return to even greater normalcy soon—though, after COVID-19, we should be ready for normal to look very different.</p>

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			<p><em>Source: https://www.forbes.com/sites/andrewfilev/2020/03/30/covid-19-is-a-before-and-after-moment-in-the-digital-transformation/</em></p>

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		<title>Coronavirus and e-commerce: It’s complicated</title>
		<link>https://istotopos.eu/coronavirus-ecommerce/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Mar 2020 10:18:55 +0000</pubDate>
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			<h2 class="subhead">While online shopping may benefit in the short term, supply chain issues and uncertain consumer demand could dampen the e-commerce outlook.</h2>
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<p>The assumption that Coronavirus, social distancing and staying home will boost e-commerce is widely held among digital marketing experts. However, early findings suggest the reality will be somewhat more complicated.</p>
<p><strong>Early evidence of increased online sales. </strong>Preliminary data from Quantum Metric show that e-commerce associated with selected “Brick and Mortar retailers … saw an average revenue weekly growth rate increase of 52% and an 8.8% increase in conversion rates” compared to a year ago. The company’s findings are based on more than 5 billion U.S. retailer web and mobile site visits between January 1 and February 29.</p>
<p>In Q4 2019, according to U.S. government data, online sales were 11.4% of total retail spending. This year e-commerce is projected to reach 12% or higher, depending on how the virus and its impact on the economy play out.</p>
<p><strong>Pressure on e-commerce too.</strong> One bullish scenario argues that consumers will shift more and more purchases online as they avoid public places, with Amazon, delivery services and the online divisions of major retailers (e.g., Target, Walmart) as the biggest beneficiaries. Indeed, foot traffic in shopping malls is down. However, supply chain issues, product shortages and potentially declining consumer demand could also blunt e-commerce growth – if the economy falters or goes into recession.</p>
<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img class="wp-image-277498" src="https://marketingland.com/wp-content/ml-loads/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-12-at-10.33.16-AM.png" sizes="(max-width: 715px) 100vw, 715px" srcset="https://marketingland.com/wp-content/ml-loads/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-12-at-10.33.16-AM.png 715w, https://marketingland.com/wp-content/ml-loads/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-12-at-10.33.16-AM-480x338.png 480w, https://marketingland.com/wp-content/ml-loads/2020/03/Screen-Shot-2020-03-12-at-10.33.16-AM-161x113.png 161w" alt="" /><figcaption>Source: March survey of 304 U.S. retailers conducted by Digital Commerce 360.</figcaption></figure>
<p><strong>Mixed outlook and uncertainty among retailers. </strong>A survey of 304 retailers conducted by Digital Commerce 360 finds a lot of confusion, uncertainty and a very mixed outlook among retailers. A sizeable minority (38%) expect e-commerce sales to jump somewhat or significantly because of the virus. However, the majority anticipate their e-commerce sales will be flat or decline.</p>
<p>Otherwise, the survey expresses retailer concerns about the supply chain and consumer demand. Asked about what they’re doing to respond to coronavirus, 20% said they’re “taking aggressive action,” 44% said they were “taking some action” with more to come, and the remaining 36% were taking a “wait-and-see approach.”</p>
<p><strong>Why we care. </strong>In a recent report, Nielsen projected significant growth of U.S. “omnichannel households” over the next five years. While retailers often see the world through a bifurcated lens (online vs. offline), consumers have been “omnichannel” for a long time: using the internet to make offline purchase decisions. Today, they typically care less about the specific channel — though they prefer local returns — than convenience, price, and service.</p>
<p>While we’ll have to wait and see how much of a shock the coronavirus delivers to the economy, this is not a time for hesitation or a “wait and see” approach. Retailers will need to utilize and leverage all their assets to stimulate and sustain consumer demand — that includes maintaining and even boosting digital marketing efforts for the foreseeable future.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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			<p><em>Source: https://marketingland.com/coronavirus-and-e-commerce-its-complicated-277480</em></p>

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		<title>5 Reasons Why Businesses Will Embrace Blockchain in 2020</title>
		<link>https://istotopos.eu/blochain-2020-embrace-businesses/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 22 Feb 2020 10:18:55 +0000</pubDate>
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			<p id="7bd3" class="hm hn dr ar ho b hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz dj" data-selectable-paragraph="">While most associate blockchain technology with the volatile nature of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, large corporations are making massive investments towards applying the technology to their businesses. Several large companies are leading the charge in leveraging the multitude of benefits that lie beyond crypto.</p>
<p id="4f0c" class="hm hn dr ar ho b hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz dj" data-selectable-paragraph="">Within just the last few years, industries from insurance to finance, social media to local government, and everything in between have found ways to utilize the power behind blockchain!</p>
<p id="ad6d" class="hm hn dr ar ho b hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz dj" data-selectable-paragraph="">Here are the 5 ways that businesses are leveraging blockchain!</p>
<h2 id="d416" class="ic id dr ar aq ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip" data-selectable-paragraph="">1 — Greater Transparency</h2>
<p id="3516" class="hm hn dr ar ho b hp iq hr ir ht is hv it hx iu hz dj" data-selectable-paragraph="">“Distributed Ledger” is a term that often gets used when discussing blockchain. Essentially, this is the idea that if there are many ledgers as opposed to just one ledger, records could be more transparent and accurate. The beauty of blockchain lies in the fact that it creates trust out of mistrust. Think of a large pool of people, all with their own ledgers or record books, these people can and will only add to the ledge if a majority of the people agree upon the authenticity of the proposed addition. This group action or “distribution” is incredibly powerful and can provide not only business with peace of mind but customers as well!</p>
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<h2 id="3a71" class="ic id dr ar aq ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip" data-selectable-paragraph="">2 — Enhanced Security</h2>
<p id="e0c7" class="hm hn dr ar ho b hp iq hr ir ht is hv it hx iu hz dj" data-selectable-paragraph="">In the same way that a “distributed ledger” can provide more transparency, it can also provide enhanced security. The biggest problem with a centralized ledger or a handful of centralized ledgers is that it is vulnerable to corruption and/or manipulation. Because of the distributed nature of blockchain, to manipulate the ledger one would have to tamper with a series of ledgers thus significantly reducing the risk and enhancing the security of the records.</p>
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<h2 id="c724" class="ic id dr ar aq ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip" data-selectable-paragraph="">3 — Improved Traceability</h2>
<p id="e4c7" class="hm hn dr ar ho b hp iq hr ir ht is hv it hx iu hz dj" data-selectable-paragraph="">Perhaps the second most common term used when describing blockchain is “immutable”. This is the idea that the records in the ledger cannot be changed. IBM describes the benefits as such “When exchanges of goods are recorded on a blockchain, you end up with an audit trail that shows where an asset came from and every stop it made on its journey.” <a class="co ft iv iw ix iy" href="https://www.ibm.com/blogs/blockchain/2018/02/top-five-blockchain-benefits-transforming-your-industry/" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">Source</a></p>
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<h2 id="ce76" class="ic id dr ar aq ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip" data-selectable-paragraph="">4 — Increased Efficiency &amp; Speed</h2>
<p id="de21" class="hm hn dr ar ho b hp iq hr ir ht is hv it hx iu hz dj" data-selectable-paragraph="">Now, here is where it gets really exciting! To use the example from before ( the pool of people with ledgers) imagine that same pool of people as a self completing automated application. This is a smart contract or a self executing contract built on a blockchain. Essentially, on a smart contract when “INPUT A” is delivered “OUTPUT B” is instantly completed without delay. This makes the transfer of assets such as land deeds, records, intellectual properties and others not only possible on a blockchain but faster and more efficient when compared to conventional means.</p>
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<h2 id="a0b9" class="ic id dr ar aq ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip" data-selectable-paragraph="">5 — Reduced Costs</h2>
<p id="9698" class="hm hn dr ar ho b hp iq hr ir ht is hv it hx iu hz dj" data-selectable-paragraph="">Today, most businesses devote significant amounts of funds, time, and energy towards creating, trust, transparency, security, and efficiency. We usually see this in the form of middlemen or specialized companies who provide these services to other businesses at a cost. However, because of the nature of blockchain, business can massively decrease their overhead costs and direct those costs benefits to customers or other initiatives.</p>

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			<p><em>Source: https://medium.com/futurepia/blockchain-benefits-for-businesses-7e40539aa07c</em></p>

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		<title>What is artificial intelligence? From Sci-Fi right into your business plan</title>
		<link>https://istotopos.eu/artificial-inteligence-business-plan/</link>
		
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		<pubDate>Sat, 18 Jan 2020 10:18:55 +0000</pubDate>
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			<p>When will machines be more intelligent that us? How is AI helpful? There are so many questions and so much misunderstanding around artificial intelligence. The following article gives a comprehensive explanation of AI and related concepts.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Hollywood movies and science fiction novels have caused many to fear the rise of machines resulting from the overdevelopment of artificial intelligence.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Elon Musk <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/oct/27/elon-musk-artificial-intelligence-ai-biggest-existential-threat" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">says</a>, that AI is our biggest existential threat. Stephen Hawking <a href="https://www.inverse.com/article/38054-stephen-hawking-ai-fears" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">fears</a> that machines can become Earth’s dominant life form and replace humans. Mark Zuckerberg <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/07/24/mark-zuckerberg-elon-musks-doomsday-ai-predictions-are-irresponsible.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">defends</a> artificial intelligence and believes that within the next 5-10 years it is going to bring major improvements in our lives.</p>
<p dir="ltr">It is difficult to predict how humans will co-exist with the artificial intelligence when it reaches a critical level of development. But nowadays AI is serving medicine, industry, education, business and entertainment, and has great prospects of becoming the major technology of the century.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Consider this article as an introduction. What is artificial intelligence? What is it capable of? Why are machine learning and natural language processing so important nowadays? What are the real use cases of AI? Is the AI apocalypse possible? Patience, my friend — all these questions will be answered in the next few minutes.</p>
<h2 id="_artificial-intelligence-what-is-it-actually-" dir="ltr">Artificial intelligence — what is it actually?</h2>
<p dir="ltr">Modern cinematography is full of stereotypes. Any story that involves artificial intelligence involved turns into a real disaster with the rise of the machines. So, most of us see AI as an army of aggressive robots that aim to conquer Earth. This is similar to <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/11/06/stephen-hawking-ai-could-be-worst-event-in-civilization.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">Stephen Hawking’s prophecy</a>, but even if this scenario becomes a reality, it’s still decades away.</p>
<p dir="ltr">However, the reality is somewhat different. Artificial intelligence is a subfield of computer science, which has the primary aim of enabling computers to do the work that is normally done by humans. To make this a reality, computers must be able to perceive and analyze information, to think and to make decisions, and to learn from their own experience. So, AI is seen not as an enemy, but as an ally and helper of mankind.</p>
<h2 id="_artificial-intelligence-classification" dir="ltr">Artificial intelligence classification</h2>
<p dir="ltr">There are a lot of criteria used to <a href="https://www.computerworld.com/article/2906336/emerging-technology/what-is-artificial-intelligence.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">classify AI</a>, however, let’s take a look at the general classifications first.</p>
<h3 dir="ltr">Strong AI vs. Weak AI</h3>
<p dir="ltr">This classification considers how closely a machine imitates human intelligence. A program is called strong AI if it exactly replicates human reasoning and the way humans think. For weak AI, on the contrary, the result is important, not the process. The program should be able to make the same decision a human would in the same situation, but how it makes this decision isn’t that important.</p>
<h3 dir="ltr">Narrow AI vs. General AI</h3>
<p dir="ltr">Programs can also belong to the group of narrow AI if they are designed to complete specific tasks, and aren’t capable of some decisions beyond the tasks required. General AI are programs that possess general intelligence and “thinking” capability, and are able to perform tasks from different domains of human activity.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Currently, strong general AI remains hypothetical, first of all because scientists still don’t understand how the human mind works, therefore, teaching the computer to think like a human is a bit problematic. And, to calm the alarmists, an AI-caused apocalypse isn’t possible until we invent strong general AI.</p>
<h2 id="_artificial-intelligence-and-its-derivatives-implemented-in-modern-software" dir="ltr">Artificial intelligence and its derivatives implemented in modern software</h2>
<p dir="ltr">Scientists have found that artificial intelligence can be implemented in many ways, and a lot of directions in AI field have appeared. The most well-known of these are machine learning and natural language processing (NLP), and their subsets.</p>
<h3 dir="ltr">Machine learning</h3>
<p dir="ltr">Since the mid of 1900th when Alan Turing first <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/gilpress/2017/02/19/alan-turing-predicts-machine-learning-and-the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-on-jobs/#57eff1411c2b" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">spoke</a> about self-learning computers, the terms artificial intelligence and machine learning have been inseparable. Machine learning is the science of algorithms that enable a program to learn from the data it has to work with and make decisions based on this data. The program improves itself through its own experience without the intervention of developers.</p>
<p dir="ltr">This sounds like magic, but it is already a reality! Tens of applications are now based on machine learning to simulate email database and predict the open and response rate for every email before it is sent or to analyze millions of symptoms to improve disease diagnosis, which is critical in the medical domain.</p>
<h3 dir="ltr">Pattern recognition</h3>
<p dir="ltr">Being one of the subsets of machine learning, pattern recognition (PR) refers to the ability of a program to recognize regularities in data. It can be supervised, wherein the program learns using labeled “training” data. During unsupervised learning the system can use other algorithms to discover new patterns in data.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Pattern recognition can be used in multiple ways. Many applications nowadays use text, sound or image recognition, which is nothing else as a result of artificial intelligence development. Let’s take a closer look at them as well.</p>
<p dir="ltr">When speaking about computer vision (CV) we mean the ability of a program to recognize and understand digital images and videos, aiming to automate tasks that the human visual ability can cope with. Computer vision has already been implemented in a variety of applications. The most successful use cases are surveillance systems, navigation for autonomous vehicles, species identification, modelling objects or environments, and many others.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Computer vision has already been successfully implemented in sports and gaming.</p>
<p dir="ltr"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawk-Eye" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">Hawk-Eye</a> is a system developed to visually track the trajectory of a ball, which is very helpful in sports such as cricket, volleyball, badminton, tennis. Hawk-eye is used in official games to provide a second opinion when the trajectory of a ball cannot be defined in another way.</p>
<p dir="ltr"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinect" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">Kinect</a> is a motion-sensing input device that was developed for Xbox and Windows PC. It enables interaction with a computer or console without using any controllers — only the movements of your own body.</p>
<p class="has-image" dir="ltr"><img loading="lazy" src="https://clockwise.software/img/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/kinect-mockup-ai.png" alt="" width="731" height="431" data-src="/img/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/kinect-mockup-ai.png" /></p>
<p dir="ltr">Computer audition (CA) is a branch of pattern recognition and refers to the ability of a program to identify and understand audio, such as natural sounds, music, etc. Speech recognition isn’t the focus of CA. Computer audition has already been implemented in a range of applications. It successfully contributes to sound and music recognition, tool and machinery monitoring and maintenance, traffic cameras controlling, etc.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Recently, enthusiasts at the University of Surrey have even taught a machine to recognize certain sounds or a human voice filtering them from the background noise. The prospects of <a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/s/537101/deep-learning-machine-solves-the-cocktail-party-problem/" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">this technology</a> are very promising!</p>
<h3 dir="ltr">Natural language processing</h3>
<p dir="ltr">Another field of artificial intelligence is natural language processing (NLP). The main subject of study is the interaction between human language and computers. NLP aims to teach a computer to perceive and understand the actual spoken or written language of humans, to derive meaning from it, and react in an intelligent way. NLP can be combined with machine learning, and the program then educates itself by analyzing huge corpuses of texts. The more data that is analyzed, the smarter the system will be.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Are there real-life applications for NLP? I bet you have already interacted with it. Apple’s Siri, Amazon’s Alexa, Google’s Home, Microsoft’s Cortana — these are personal assistants that use natural language processing to understand user queries and to act in an appropriate way. In addition, all these assistants improve with their experience of interaction with the user, which means they also use machine learning.</p>
<div class="article-content m-b-15 grey-bg" data-v-4b7e1cc6="">
<p id="contents-text" data-v-4b7e1cc6="">Contents:</p>
<p><a class="hash-link" href="https://clockwise.software/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/#_artificial-intelligence-what-is-it-actually-" data-v-4b7e1cc6="" data-heading-type="H2">Artificial intelligence — what is it actually?</a><a class="hash-link" href="https://clockwise.software/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/#_artificial-intelligence-classification" data-v-4b7e1cc6="" data-heading-type="H2">Artificial intelligence classification</a><a class="hash-link" href="https://clockwise.software/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/#_artificial-intelligence-and-its-derivatives-implemented-in-modern-software" data-v-4b7e1cc6="" data-heading-type="H2">Artificial intelligence and its derivatives implemented in modern software</a><a class="hash-link" href="https://clockwise.software/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/#_industries-that-can-benefit-from-implementing-artificial-intelligence" data-v-4b7e1cc6="" data-heading-type="H2">Industries that can benefit from implementing artificial intelligence</a><a class="hash-link" href="https://clockwise.software/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/#_conclusion" data-v-4b7e1cc6="" data-heading-type="H2">Conclusion</a></p>
</div>
<div class="article-content" data-v-4b7e1cc6="">
<p dir="ltr">Hollywood movies and science fiction novels have caused many to fear the rise of machines resulting from the overdevelopment of artificial intelligence.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Elon Musk <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/oct/27/elon-musk-artificial-intelligence-ai-biggest-existential-threat" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">says</a>, that AI is our biggest existential threat. Stephen Hawking <a href="https://www.inverse.com/article/38054-stephen-hawking-ai-fears" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">fears</a> that machines can become Earth’s dominant life form and replace humans. Mark Zuckerberg <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/07/24/mark-zuckerberg-elon-musks-doomsday-ai-predictions-are-irresponsible.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">defends</a> artificial intelligence and believes that within the next 5-10 years it is going to bring major improvements in our lives.</p>
<p dir="ltr">It is difficult to predict how humans will co-exist with the artificial intelligence when it reaches a critical level of development. But nowadays AI is serving medicine, industry, education, business and entertainment, and has great prospects of becoming the major technology of the century.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Consider this article as an introduction. What is artificial intelligence? What is it capable of? Why are machine learning and natural language processing so important nowadays? What are the real use cases of AI? Is the AI apocalypse possible? Patience, my friend — all these questions will be answered in the next few minutes.</p>
<h2 id="_artificial-intelligence-what-is-it-actually-" dir="ltr">Artificial intelligence — what is it actually?</h2>
<p dir="ltr">Modern cinematography is full of stereotypes. Any story that involves artificial intelligence involved turns into a real disaster with the rise of the machines. So, most of us see AI as an army of aggressive robots that aim to conquer Earth. This is similar to <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/11/06/stephen-hawking-ai-could-be-worst-event-in-civilization.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">Stephen Hawking’s prophecy</a>, but even if this scenario becomes a reality, it’s still decades away.</p>
<p dir="ltr">However, the reality is somewhat different. Artificial intelligence is a subfield of computer science, which has the primary aim of enabling computers to do the work that is normally done by humans. To make this a reality, computers must be able to perceive and analyze information, to think and to make decisions, and to learn from their own experience. So, AI is seen not as an enemy, but as an ally and helper of mankind.</p>
<h2 id="_artificial-intelligence-classification" dir="ltr">Artificial intelligence classification</h2>
<p dir="ltr">There are a lot of criteria used to <a href="https://www.computerworld.com/article/2906336/emerging-technology/what-is-artificial-intelligence.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">classify AI</a>, however, let’s take a look at the general classifications first.</p>
<h3 dir="ltr">Strong AI vs. Weak AI</h3>
<p dir="ltr">This classification considers how closely a machine imitates human intelligence. A program is called strong AI if it exactly replicates human reasoning and the way humans think. For weak AI, on the contrary, the result is important, not the process. The program should be able to make the same decision a human would in the same situation, but how it makes this decision isn’t that important.</p>
<h3 dir="ltr">Narrow AI vs. General AI</h3>
<p dir="ltr">Programs can also belong to the group of narrow AI if they are designed to complete specific tasks, and aren’t capable of some decisions beyond the tasks required. General AI are programs that possess general intelligence and “thinking” capability, and are able to perform tasks from different domains of human activity.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Currently, strong general AI remains hypothetical, first of all because scientists still don’t understand how the human mind works, therefore, teaching the computer to think like a human is a bit problematic. And, to calm the alarmists, an AI-caused apocalypse isn’t possible until we invent strong general AI.</p>
<h2 id="_artificial-intelligence-and-its-derivatives-implemented-in-modern-software" dir="ltr">Artificial intelligence and its derivatives implemented in modern software</h2>
<p dir="ltr">Scientists have found that artificial intelligence can be implemented in many ways, and a lot of directions in AI field have appeared. The most well-known of these are machine learning and natural language processing (NLP), and their subsets.</p>
<h3 dir="ltr">Machine learning</h3>
<p dir="ltr">Since the mid of 1900th when Alan Turing first <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/gilpress/2017/02/19/alan-turing-predicts-machine-learning-and-the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-on-jobs/#57eff1411c2b" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">spoke</a> about self-learning computers, the terms artificial intelligence and machine learning have been inseparable. Machine learning is the science of algorithms that enable a program to learn from the data it has to work with and make decisions based on this data. The program improves itself through its own experience without the intervention of developers.</p>
<p dir="ltr">This sounds like magic, but it is already a reality! Tens of applications are now based on machine learning to simulate email database and predict the open and response rate for every email before it is sent or to analyze millions of symptoms to improve disease diagnosis, which is critical in the medical domain.</p>
<h3 dir="ltr">Pattern recognition</h3>
<p dir="ltr">Being one of the subsets of machine learning, pattern recognition (PR) refers to the ability of a program to recognize regularities in data. It can be supervised, wherein the program learns using labeled “training” data. During unsupervised learning the system can use other algorithms to discover new patterns in data.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Pattern recognition can be used in multiple ways. Many applications nowadays use text, sound or image recognition, which is nothing else as a result of artificial intelligence development. Let’s take a closer look at them as well.</p>
<p dir="ltr">When speaking about computer vision (CV) we mean the ability of a program to recognize and understand digital images and videos, aiming to automate tasks that the human visual ability can cope with. Computer vision has already been implemented in a variety of applications. The most successful use cases are surveillance systems, navigation for autonomous vehicles, species identification, modelling objects or environments, and many others.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Computer vision has already been successfully implemented in sports and gaming.</p>
<p dir="ltr"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawk-Eye" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">Hawk-Eye</a> is a system developed to visually track the trajectory of a ball, which is very helpful in sports such as cricket, volleyball, badminton, tennis. Hawk-eye is used in official games to provide a second opinion when the trajectory of a ball cannot be defined in another way.</p>
<p dir="ltr"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinect" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">Kinect</a> is a motion-sensing input device that was developed for Xbox and Windows PC. It enables interaction with a computer or console without using any controllers — only the movements of your own body.</p>
<p class="has-image" dir="ltr"><img loading="lazy" src="https://clockwise.software/img/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/kinect-mockup-ai.png" alt="" width="731" height="431" data-src="/img/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/kinect-mockup-ai.png" /></p>
<p dir="ltr">Computer audition (CA) is a branch of pattern recognition and refers to the ability of a program to identify and understand audio, such as natural sounds, music, etc. Speech recognition isn’t the focus of CA. Computer audition has already been implemented in a range of applications. It successfully contributes to sound and music recognition, tool and machinery monitoring and maintenance, traffic cameras controlling, etc.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Recently, enthusiasts at the University of Surrey have even taught a machine to recognize certain sounds or a human voice filtering them from the background noise. The prospects of <a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/s/537101/deep-learning-machine-solves-the-cocktail-party-problem/" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">this technology</a> are very promising!</p>
<h3 dir="ltr">Natural language processing</h3>
<p dir="ltr">Another field of artificial intelligence is natural language processing (NLP). The main subject of study is the interaction between human language and computers. NLP aims to teach a computer to perceive and understand the actual spoken or written language of humans, to derive meaning from it, and react in an intelligent way. NLP can be combined with machine learning, and the program then educates itself by analyzing huge corpuses of texts. The more data that is analyzed, the smarter the system will be.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Are there real-life applications for NLP? I bet you have already interacted with it. Apple’s Siri, Amazon’s Alexa, Google’s Home, Microsoft’s Cortana — these are personal assistants that use natural language processing to understand user queries and to act in an appropriate way. In addition, all these assistants improve with their experience of interaction with the user, which means they also use machine learning.</p>
<div class="cta-wrapper">
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<h2 id="_industries-that-can-benefit-from-implementing-artificial-intelligence" dir="ltr">Industries that can benefit from implementing artificial intelligence</h2>
<p dir="ltr">Artificial intelligence is a revolutionizing technology that can be implemented in any modern industry to improve the way work is done. Let’s take a look at areas where AI can bring (and in some cases is already bringing) radical improvements.</p>
<h3 dir="ltr">AI in Healthcare</h3>
<p class="has-image"><img loading="lazy" src="https://clockwise.software/img/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/ai-in-healthcare.png" alt="" width="731" height="431" data-src="/img/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/ai-in-healthcare.png" /></p>
<p dir="ltr">Healthcare is an area where millions of decisions are made every day. Doctors make decisions regarding diagnosis, efficient treatment, and predicting possible side effects. Their decisions are based on their knowledge and decision-making improves with their experience. Does this sound familiar?</p>
<p dir="ltr">This exactly is the principle machine learning relies on; making decisions based on the experience extracted from data. And healthcare industry can offer an incredible amount of data, which has been gathered over hundreds of years of conscious observation and research. A program that is able to process all these data can potentially become wiser and more efficient than any doctor with a degree. Moreover, the program’s decisions are exact — the human factor is excluded.</p>
<p dir="ltr">One of the first programs that used AI to identify the cause of a disease and recommend an effective treatment was <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycin" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">MYCIN</a>, developed in the early 1970s at Stanford University. The program was never used in practice, but researchers proved that it offered the correct therapy in 69% of cases. That was over 40 years ago; can you imagine the power of such a software nowadays?</p>
<p dir="ltr">Artificial intelligence is also highly efficient in monitoring the spread of infections. The system can monitor media files, news reports and social media posts and based on this information make predictions to prevent a pandemic. No, this is not another scene from a Hollywood movie, but a real situation. In 2014 <a href="http://www.newsweek.com/algorithm-spotted-ebola-outbreak-9-days-who-announced-it-263875" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">an algorithm spotted the Ebola virus spreading</a> nine days before it was announced by the World Health Organization. It’s hard to estimate how many lives can such an algorithm save in a long run. And what if it constantly improves itself? Fantastic prospects await the healthcare industry with the implementation of artificial intelligence.</p>
<h3 dir="ltr">AI in education</h3>
<p class="has-image"><img loading="lazy" src="https://clockwise.software/img/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/ai%20in%20education.png" alt="" width="731" height="431" data-src="/img/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/ai in education.png" /></p>
<p dir="ltr">The expansion of online courses caused a revolution in modern education. Most recognized courses from world’s best universities became accessible to everyone anytime for free. The invaluable knowledge began to spread all over the world, and artificial intelligence is now making online education even more powerful.</p>
<p dir="ltr"><a href="https://thirdspacelearning.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">Third Space Learning</a>, an online math tutoring platform, improved the quality of its services by launching an AI project based on recognizing learning patterns, and positive and negative teaching techniques.</p>
<p dir="ltr">The system collects data from online lessons, analyzes it, and provides real-time feedback to tutors to help them to improve. The program can, for example, recognize the reaction of the student to a new concept introduced by a tutor and match it with patterns of misunderstanding. The tutor can instantly react to this, offering an alternative explanation of the concept and thereby improve the teaching program.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Such a personal approach is also applicable to study materials. The program is able to recognize the topics the student has problems with, and can offer customized explanations and exercises to fill the gaps more efficiently and without any delay.</p>
<h3 dir="ltr">AI in engineering</h3>
<p class="has-image"><img loading="lazy" src="https://i.imgur.com/RTLu9wS.gif" alt="" width="731" height="392" data-src="https://i.imgur.com/RTLu9wS.gif" /></p>
<p dir="ltr">Artificial intelligence is also bringing major improvements in engineering and other areas of industry. A few years ago, a self-driving car seemed to be magic, but now Google, Tesla, and Uber are already testing the first cars that will be able to move around without any human intervention. This is possible due to computer audition and computer vision — two technologies that take into account prevailing sounds and pictures to make responsible decisions about where and how the car should move. Self-driving cars can also reduce the number of accidents on the road, as the program makes only responsible decisions, never exceeds the speed limit, and avoids risky maneuvers. The <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/3055356/the-first-study-of-self-driving-car-crash-rates-suggests-they-are-safer" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">statistics</a> makes it clear; in the USA 4.2 accidents occur per million miles. Self-driving cars are showing much better results — only 3.2 accidents per million miles. When we take into account that the capabilities of AI increase every single day, we can already predict that self-driving cars will be the safest means of transport.</p>
<h3 dir="ltr">AI in business management</h3>
<p class="has-image"><img loading="lazy" src="https://clockwise.software/img/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/ai%20in%20business%20management.png" alt="" width="731" height="431" data-src="/img/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/ai in business management.png" /></p>
<p dir="ltr">Artificial intelligence shows impressive results when applied to business management.</p>
<p dir="ltr">For example, AI can take over most of the routine tasks of an HR manager and reduce the costs of the recruitment process. <a href="https://www.restlessbandit.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">Restless Bandit</a> is already able to screen applicants, find those that match requirements, and even schedule interviews. The algorithm behind the program keeps improving itself with experience, which promises better matches and more efficient recruitment process with time.</p>
<p dir="ltr">With artificial intelligence customer service has also reached new levels. AI enabled chatbots to be programmed to interact in a way that is very similar to humans, but with the advantage of processing huge amounts of information in milliseconds. As a result, customers receive a reliable around-the-clock support. The best thing about this is that the chatbot analyzes all conversations with customers and learns from them.</p>
<h3 dir="ltr">AI in retail</h3>
<p class="has-image"><img loading="lazy" src="https://clockwise.software/img/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/ai%20in%20retail.png" alt="" width="731" height="431" data-src="/img/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/ai in retail.png" /></p>
<p dir="ltr">Retail, especially e-commerce, has already successfully implemented artificial intelligence as well.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Most online stores, for example, recommend products based on the items you have previously purchased, or the those that you have recently viewed.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Virtual shopping assistants is another niche AI has recently filled. <a href="https://niki.ai/" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">Niki.ai</a>, for example, is already helping it’s users to make purchases right in the chat window. The possibilities of Niki.ai are greater than you may imagine.Not only are you able to purchase certain products, but AI also assists you to choose the best option based on your criteria. Fascinating!</p>
<h2 id="_conclusion" dir="ltr">Conclusion</h2>
<p class="has-image"><img loading="lazy" src="https://clockwise.software/img/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/illustration-731x431.png" alt="" width="731" height="431" data-src="/img/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/illustration-731x431.png" /></p>
<p dir="ltr">Artificial intelligence may seem like a distant future for us, but actually, AI programs are already a part of our reality. When buying stuff or watching movies online, when talking to personal assistants, when taking an online course or chatting with your bank support — every day you interact with artificial intelligence and don’t even notice it. This is a clear sign of the potential that AI based applications have.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Using the power of machines to replace human work will result in a significant improvement in different spheres of our lives. Better healthcare, more efficient education, innovative engineering, predictive sales processes, improved business management — these are just a few use cases for artificial intelligence. And considering the current progress of the AI industry, we are confident in saying that the development of AI will be even more rapid, drastically changing the world we are used to.</p>
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			<p><em>Source: https://clockwise.software/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/</em></p>

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		<title>Half the Web Is Now Encrypted. That Makes Everyone Safer</title>
		<link>https://istotopos.eu/half-web-encrypted-makes-everyone-safer/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 10 Oct 2019 10:18:55 +0000</pubDate>
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			<p><span class="lede">Computer security news </span>is usually pretty dismal, from malware crippling the web to ransomware taking down hospitals. But the web is getting safer in an important way.</p>
<p>Today the average volume of encrypted internet traffic finally surpassed the average volume of unencrypted traffic, according to Mozilla, the company behind the popular Firefox web browser. That means when you visit a website, you&#8217;re now more likely than not to see a little green lock right next to its address. That little lock indicates that the page you visited came to you via HTTPS, the web&#8217;s secure protocol, rather than plain old HTTP. Mozilla&#8217;s estimate represents a two-week running average, so the figure could still slide around over the next few days. But this milestone is a still a big deal.</p>
<p class="paywall">&#8220;The significance of this tipping point really can&#8217;t be overstated,&#8221; says Ross Schulman, co-director of the New America Foundation&#8217;s cybersecurity initiative.</p>
<p class="paywall">Not that you&#8217;re free from prying eyes entirely: HTTPS doesn&#8217;t hide the fact that you&#8217;re visiting a particular website. But it does mean everyone, including internet service providers and the government, will have a harder time seeing what information you&#8217;re reading or posting to the web. And it can help ensure that when you visit a website, you&#8217;re seeing what its authors intended. Without encryption, it&#8217;s all too easy for, say, a repressive government or a malicious hacker to replace Wikipedia entries or other webpages with their own content, or to trick you into downloading malware.</p>
<div class="mid-banner-wrap paywall">
<div class="js-in-copy-mobile ad ad--js-in-copy-mobile">
<div class="ad__slot ad__slot--js-in-copy-mobile">&#8220;Billions of users will start to regularly experience a web that is more encrypted than not,&#8221; says Josh Aas, the co-founder of Let&#8217;s Encrypt, an organization that&#8217;s helping millions of sites add HTTPS to their sites for free. &#8220;Expectations for security will continue to rise, and as a result we expect to see sites move to HTTPS even faster than they have been.&#8221;</div>
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<h3 class="paywall">More Secure</h3>
<p class="paywall">Web encryption has been around for years. The original HTTPS protocol was released in 1995. Dubbed Secure Socket Layer, or SSL for short, it enabled companies to handle credit card transactions online by protecting your payment details and helping to prove that the merchants you visited were who they said they were. But it&#8217;s taken years for SSL&#8217;s successor, Transport Layer Security (TLS), to become widely used outside of credit card payments.</p>
<p class="paywall">In part, that&#8217;s because for many years most website owners didn&#8217;t see the benefit of encrypting everything. But as the ease of stealing unencrypted passwords and delivering altered websites became apparent, wider use of encryption became a priority.</p>
<p class="paywall">Over the years big sites like Facebook, Google, Wikipedia, the <em>New York Times</em>, and, yes, WIRED, have switched to HTTPS. Google even announced in late 2015 that its search engine would favor sites that use HTTPS over those that don&#8217;t.</p>
<p class="paywall">The problem was that it was still fairly hard for smaller sites to use HTTPS. TLS certificates cost money and required more technical know-how to install. But that&#8217;s starting to change. Let&#8217;s Encrypt takes care of the financial part by making all certificates free, thanks to corporate and nonprofit donations. Thanks to Let&#8217;s Encrypt, web hosting services like WordPress.com and Squarespace started offering HTTPS to all of their users for free without much demanding any technical expertise on the part of users. Cloud companies like Amazon and CloudFlare also launched free encryption certificate programs for their users as well, contributing to the snowballing number of sites that led to today&#8217;s milestone.</p>
<p class="paywall">&#8220;After taking 20 years to get to 40 percent encrypted page loads, it&#8217;s incredible that the web jumped to 50 percent in just one year,&#8221; Aas says.</p>
<p class="paywall">Some web hosts still charge for HTTPS, but Aas argues the dangers of an unencrypted internet create a moral imperative to drop the fees. &#8220;We&#8217;re past the point where treating HTTPS as an add-on is acceptable.&#8221;</p>
<h3 class="paywall">Not Perfect</h3>
<p class="paywall">Even then, HTTPS has some serious limitations. In 2014, security researchers discovered a major vulnerability in the software that actually makes HTTPS work. The flaw, known as Heartbleed, dealt a major blow to the world&#8217;s confidence in the protocol. Almost three years later, 200,000 servers remain vulnerable to Heartbleed, a recent study by Internet of Things search engine Shodan found.</p>
<p class="paywall">And it&#8217;s not just technical issues that haunt HTTPS. The protocol depends on organizations called &#8220;certificate authorities&#8221; like Let&#8217;s Encrypt or VeriSign to issue certificates that vouch for a site&#8217;s authenticity. If a hacker were to gain control of one of those authorities, they could hijack certificates or issue certificates themselves. That danger has led experts like the pseudonymous white-hat hacker Moxie Marlinspike to propose the idea of new, more decentralized systems to handle certificates. But so far the idea hasn&#8217;t caught on.</p>
<p>Then there&#8217;s the problem of blind trust in those little green locks. In a recent blog post, Google Chrome security expert Eric Lawrence points to examples of scammers acquiring certificates that make their fraudulent sites imitating the likes of PayPal and Google seem legitimate.</p>
<p class="paywall">&#8220;There&#8217;s a risk that people will think they&#8217;re more protected than they actually are,&#8221; says Amie Stepanovich, a policy manager at the digital rights group Access Now, which has long advocated for more pervasive use of HTTPS. &#8220;But even though HTTPS isn&#8217;t perfect, nothing offers perfect security.&#8221;</p>
<p class="paywall">Ultimately, using HTTPS, despite its limitations, is better than leaving the web unencrypted. That means Aas and company have more work to do.</p>
<p class="paywall">&#8220;Fifty percent is an important milestone,&#8221; Aas says. &#8220;But there&#8217;s still another 50 percent to go.&#8221;</p>
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			<p><em>Source: https://www.wired.com/2017/01/half-web-now-encrypted-makes-everyone-safer/</em></p>

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		<title>Top 20 of cross-border marketplaces from Europe</title>
		<link>https://istotopos.eu/top-20-markeplaces-europe/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 Sep 2019 10:18:55 +0000</pubDate>
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			<p>The total cross-border market of European-owned marketplaces represents a turnover of 9 billion euros. This corresponds to a fifth of what’s generated by all cross-border marketplaces in Europe, with Amazon generating 28 billion euros. Here’s the top 20.</p>
<p><a href="https://ecommercenews.eu/companies/amazon/">Amazon</a> is the biggest marketplace in Europe, but when we look at just the European-owned marketplaces, <a href="https://ecommercenews.eu/companies/zalando/">Zalando</a> is number one. The top five is dominated by UK players, as Fruugo, Asos and Farfetch take up the second, third and fourth place. The top five is completed by French multichannel retailer Carrefour.</p>
<h2>‘Market is worth €15 billion by 2020’</h2>
<p>This can be seen in the first edition of the ‘Top 20 marketplaces cross-border Europe’, <a href="https://www.cbcommerce.eu/press-releases/press-release-cross-border-commerce-europe-launches-the-first-edition-of-the-top-20-marketplaces-cross-border-europe/">a study</a> from Cross-BorderCommerce Europe. This platform expects that European-owned cross-border marketplaces will grow by more than 50 percent to reach a total value of 15 billion euros by 2020.</p>
<p>The top 20 is based on different parameters such as cross-border ecommerce sales in 16 Western European countries and the number and percentage of cross-border visits. The ranking excludes travel and only looks at B2C online platforms that offer at least two of the services payment, storage and logistics. (So, for example, Miinto and Takeaway are excluded.)</p>
<h2>Top 20 of cross-border marketplaces from Europe</h2>
<p>The total cross-border market in Europe was worth 52.25 billion euros last year. And 17 percent came from marketplaces that are owned by European companies. Here’s the top 20:</p>
<figure id="attachment_14831" class="wp-caption aligncenter" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-14831"><a href="https://ecommercenews.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/top20_marketplaces_crossborder_europe.jpg"><img loading="lazy" class="size-large wp-image-14831" src="https://ecommercenews.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/top20_marketplaces_crossborder_europe-740x505.jpg" sizes="(max-width: 740px) 100vw, 740px" srcset="https://ecommercenews.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/top20_marketplaces_crossborder_europe-740x505.jpg 740w, https://ecommercenews.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/top20_marketplaces_crossborder_europe-340x232.jpg 340w, https://ecommercenews.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/top20_marketplaces_crossborder_europe-768x524.jpg 768w, https://ecommercenews.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/top20_marketplaces_crossborder_europe-30x20.jpg 30w, https://ecommercenews.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/top20_marketplaces_crossborder_europe-60x41.jpg 60w, https://ecommercenews.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/top20_marketplaces_crossborder_europe-100x68.jpg 100w, https://ecommercenews.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/top20_marketplaces_crossborder_europe-120x82.jpg 120w, https://ecommercenews.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/top20_marketplaces_crossborder_europe-200x136.jpg 200w, https://ecommercenews.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/top20_marketplaces_crossborder_europe-240x164.jpg 240w, https://ecommercenews.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/top20_marketplaces_crossborder_europe-320x218.jpg 320w, https://ecommercenews.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/top20_marketplaces_crossborder_europe.jpg 1051w" alt="Top 20 cross-border marketplaces from Europe." width="740" height="505" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-14831" class="wp-caption-text">Top 20 cross-border marketplaces from Europe.</figcaption></figure>
<h2>More niche marketplaces will launch in Europe</h2>
<p>Cross-Border Commerce Europe expects more niche marketplaces will launch in Europe. In the US and the UK, these are already very popular. There’s for example Newegg for electronics, Reverb for musicians, Zibbet for independent artists, artisans and vintage collectors, Houzz for interior designers, Wayfair for home accessories and furniture and Folksy for crafts.</p>

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			<p><em>Source: https://ecommercenews.eu/top-20-of-cross-border-marketplaces-from-europe/</em></p>

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		<title>Scraping public data from a website probably isn’t hacking, says court</title>
		<link>https://istotopos.eu/scraping-public-data-not-hacking/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 10 Sep 2019 10:18:55 +0000</pubDate>
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			<p>Scraping data from a website likely doesn’t violate anti-hacking laws as long as the data is public, a US court has concluded. Yesterday, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals said LinkedIn probably couldn’t tell an analytics company to stop pulling profile information from its platform. LinkedIn had sent the company, HiQ, a cease-and-desist letter — which has been enough to declare companies “unauthorized” in earlier cases. Here, however, the court ruled that LinkedIn couldn’t use anti-hacking rules to control how HiQ used the data.</p>
<p>As University of California, Berkeley professor and computer law expert Orin Kerr lays out, this seemingly limits one section of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA). The CFAA prohibits accessing a computer “without authorization.” It was conceived as a way to punish hacking in the 1980s, but it’s frequently used against companies that access social media website data. Facebook, for instance, stopped a company called Power Ventures from automatically aggregating social media posts with users’ permission.</p>
<p>Yesterday’s ruling distinguished between how Facebook and LinkedIn guard their data. Facebook “tried to limit and control access to its website,” requiring users to log in with a username and password. But “the data HiQ was scraping was available to anyone with a web browser.” Therefore, LinkedIn couldn’t specifically order HiQ to stop accessing this publicly available information under the CFAA.<br />
&#8220;Sending a cease-and-desist letter isn’t enough to deny access&#8221;</p>
<p>Many civil liberties advocates opposed the Power Ventures decision, and as Techdirt’s Mike Masnick writes, the court is drawing a pretty fine line between Facebook and LinkedIn. Facebook’s data might have been password-protected, but users were freely granting account access to Power Ventures. It seems plausible to call this access “authorized” as well — but the LinkedIn ruling disagrees with that logic.</p>
<p>The court also says LinkedIn could still potentially claim other violations, including copyright infringement — this is just a preliminary ruling on specific issues. But ruling out CFAA charges is a big deal, because the CFAA can be broadly weaponized against anybody who uses a computer in a way a company or government disagrees with. Kerr calls the ruling a “critical limit” on the law’s interpretation.</p>
<p>As Stanford Internet Observatory director Alex Stamos pointed out on Twitter, this comes with trade-offs. “Cease and desist letters followed by civil action or criminal CFAA referrals are one of the few legal tools available to large providers looking to stop spammers or scrapers,” Stamos wrote. Now, that option appears much less viable. That’s annoying in the case of spammers, but it also raises privacy questions at a point when companies are using big public data sets to train tools like facial recognition algorithms. Even so, Stamos reiterated that he agreed with the court’s decision.</p>
<p>Source: https://www.theverge.com/2019/9/10/20859399/linkedin-hiq-data-scraping-cfaa-lawsuit-ninth-circuit-ruling?fbclid=IwAR1WVhTUVrLXKjQSBxgAnlHgKzyNgxuIFHDyKRqFqfaSjeBZxngUyEfRQ9Y</p>

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			<p><em>Source: https://freshsparks.com/why-responsive-design-is-important/</em></p>

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